Percentage Calculator

Percentage calculations appear everywhere in daily professional and personal life — from calculating discounts and VAT to analyzing growth rates and understanding financial statements. Despite being simple arithmetic, the variety of percentage problems people encounter leads to frequent confusion.

The four common percentage questions

1. **What is X% of Y?** → Multiply Y by (X/100). Used for: calculating discounts, tax amounts, tip amounts.

2. **X is what percent of Y?** → Divide X by Y and multiply by 100. Used for: understanding market share, calculating completion rates, expressing ratios.

3. **What is the percentage increase/decrease from X to Y?** → Divide (Y-X) by X and multiply by 100. Used for: YoY growth, salary increments, price changes.

4. **Y is X% more than what original value?** → Divide Y by (1 + X/100). Used for: finding pre-discount prices, removing VAT from inclusive prices.

VAT calculations in Nepal

Nepal VAT rate is 13%. To add VAT to a price: multiply by 1.13. To extract VAT from a VAT-inclusive price: divide by 1.13 and subtract from original. This calculator handles both in one click.

Percentage points vs percentages

"The interest rate increased from 8% to 10%" — this is a 2 percentage point increase, but a 25% percentage increase ((10-8)/8 × 100 = 25%). Confusing the two is common in financial reporting. When a central bank raises rates by "100 basis points", that's 1 percentage point (not 100%).

Compound growth calculations

For multi-year growth: if a business grows 15% per year for 5 years, the total growth is not 75% — it's ((1.15)^5 - 1) × 100 ≈ 101%. The percentage calculator handles compound growth with the CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate) mode.